...and given that they moved everything overseas, I doubt that cutting their margins would seriously impede recovery. Hell, they're both subsidized (...and backed up by the right arm of Uncle Sam in case of oil companies), they bleed the country of capital and get away without paying back a cent.
There are indeed purely domestic enterprises that would be hit harder and as a result more painful for America if they were heavily taxed.
...so I think instead a mere industrial tax, an off-shore tax should be levied. It should target companies who're not reinvesting in the US. Why? They can "import" their product into the country toll free, they are eligible for government subsidies yet they don't reinvest any of that.
Another note:
The Financial Crisis wasn't the start of America's decline.
Watch this:
In other words, data manipulation has been used for close to a decade to mask the fact that the USA's inflation adjusted GDP was in a decline.
Once again, it's not purely fiscal but a combination of fiscal AND monetary irresponsibility that has lead to this.
EDIT:
Here's an article on the German model:
http://economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/04/17/health-reform-without-a-public-plan-the-german-model/
I was well aware the larger companies paid nothing or next to nothing in taxes. America's economy is 70% small businesses. Taxing these companies would spell misfortune for America as they don't have enough income to pay these taxes. A reason for this is the business taxes are so awful that the owners of these companies file the company income as personal income and pay taxes on it that way. Which they get hit by the high income tax. By the time they pay all the taxes the owner can take home maybe 30 or 40k (average income for a private practice/non-hospital doctor).
Though, I never thought about an import tax. A lot of the exporters would frown on that. An import tax would anger China, severely hurt Haiti (their biggest exporters are T-shirts to the U.S.) along with a lot of other countries who depend on our "black hole" status to keep their countries afloat.
What about altering the tax code as a whole? Flat tax or a consumption tax (such as FairTax) could lessen the overall tax burden on smaller businesses and individuals*. This freeing up more income for the smaller businesses to buy insurance plans for employees.
*Recent statistics revealed that more than half of Americans do NOT pay any Federal Income taxes whatsoever. Taxation isn't about who can afford what but, about the collective responsibility of supporting the government and by extension society as a whole.
After learning a little more about the German, Swiss and Dutch systems. I can see a way to strongly encourage purchasing private insurance while not mandating it. Why not offer a tax deduction for a certain percentage or the entire cost of insurance premiums? If plans are cheap, even healthy people will buy them simply because it's worth the investment. Most healthy Americans forgo insurance because it is too expensive.