Raze wrote...
Of all the languages I've encountered, I'd have to say Chinese takes the cake for being the most difficult to master. As someone who has attained fluency in even the dreaded Japanese in less than a year's time, I can honestly say that if Chinese was not my first language, I would never be able to learn it.
For one thing, it's pretty much the
only commonly-used character-based language in the modern world (Japanese has kana, and Korean is phonetic). Other languages somewhat commonly used today are sound-based or alphabetical (yes, even Arabic). Someone who is considered well-educated in the language will have command of over 5000 characters (there were over 86,000 in existence back in 1994). Because I know some of you will look at that and go "that's not very many", stop for a moment and imagine 5000 breasts. Not 50, not 500, not 1000, but 5000. That's a lot of breasts.
Also, you will find that most people who know Chinese can speak, listen to, and read it far, far better than they can write it. The reason is simple: you really think it's an easy task to memorize over five-thousand of what are pretty much pictograms (compared to the 26 of the English alphabet, or about 200 times less), and be able to recall every single one of them at will when writing something? I myself have had many an experience where I would sort of know how a character I wanted to write roughly looked like, but was unable to produce it on paper; I'm sure those of you who know Chinese or Japanese (well) know what I mean when I say that the character kinda almost surfaces in your brain but never really actually surfaces. And, unlike Japanese, you can't just write out the hiragana to compensate; you forget the character, that's it. Find a dictionary or give up.
And, Chinese is a language with such incredible depth it is absolutely impossible for one to even hope to master even part of it (the great professors and scholars definitely know a lot, but they still use a lot of reference books and resources with the more ancient texts). Chinese has no grammar; characters are strung together, and what a particular sentence means comes from convention. A particular character can serve as a noun, verb, or adjective with absolutely no hint of what it is except of what experience tells you. This means that one can arrange characters in different and novel ways to create a sentence that is more poetic, has a deeper meaning, or a different one altogether, but it's not like you can just randomly arrange them either. In this sense, Chinese is a very artistic language. Anyone who has encountered Chinese art will know that various crafts of Chinese culture were not meant to be understood by the layman, but only by scholars, and the language itself owes its unfathomable depth to this attitude.
And, anyone who's gone further than knowing enough to survive in China (or even has advanced Japanese skills) will know, Chinese makes use of expressions, many of which whose meaning is rooted in some ancient story or moral and is not immediately apparent in just the idiom. For example, "å¡žç¿å¤±é©¬" literally means "Old Cai lost his horse", but we say it to remind people that something greater may come in place of what you have just lost. There are so many of these in the Chinese language that even the average teenager will know very, very many of them. Oh, and did I mention that China has a history of almost five millennia, meaning the Chinese language had that much time to develop and get more complicated, incorporating various historical events and legends that arose?
And, if that's not bad enough, because China is so huge and various parts are topographically isolated to a certain extent, there are god knows how many dialects spoken in China. And these dialects are not like the dialects of Japanese, where people who come from different parts of Japan can still understand each other pretty much. No, each dialect in Chinese sounds like a different language altogether; we do not understand or even recognize a dialect we are not familiar with. And it's not as if each dialect makes use of the same expressions; particularly with casual phrases, each dialect will have unique, slangish ways of saying the same thing which, even if you look at the characters for them, won't make any sense unless you
speak that dialect.
I hope this was informative. In fact, everything people struggle with in Japanese is due to what they imported from Chinese: kanji, numerical modifiers (eg. 一枚), idioms (some common ones are 一石二鳥, 一生懸命, ç²¾ä¸€æ¯ etc.), you name it. Feel free to disagree, but from my experience (I am fluent and literate in English, Chinese (Mandarin and two other dialects), and Japanese, and know some French and German) and what I know about various societies from my studies this is the conclusion I have come to.
My brain has stretch marks after reading that. Though it was informative.